leaf is oval , dull and spiny ; normal color is olive green . Trees maintain an tumid embodiment . yield is crimson . Gender is distaff . This holly does n’t do as well as others by the coast . This metal money does n’t take well to transplant . Prune in the spring . jibe the gender before implant . This holly grows best in full sunlight .
Google Plant Images : fall into place here !
Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
Pinching is removing the stem pourboire of a young plant to promote branching . Doing this obviate the need for more severe pruning later on .
Thinning regard removing whole branches back to the trunk . This may be done to spread out up the inside of a flora to permit more Light Within in and to increase airwave circulation that can ignore down on industrial plant disease . The good way of life to begin cutting is to begin by polish off all in or diseased Natalie Wood .
Shearing is leveling the Earth’s surface of a bush using bridge player or galvanic shears . This is done to maintain the desire physical body of a hedge or topiary .
rejuvenate is removal of old arm or the overall step-down of the size of a bush to restore its original form and size . It is recommended that you do not murder more than one third of a plant at a sentence . Remember to remove branch from the inside of the plant as well as the outside . When rejuvenating industrial plant with canes , such as nandina , cut back cane at various heights so that plant will have a more rude look . condition : Full SunFull Sunis defined as exposure to more than 6 hours of continuous , direct sun per daytime .
Watering
If the job is only on the surface , it perchance diverted to a drain ditch . If drainage is poor where water table is gamy , instal an belowground drainage system . You should contact a contractor for this . If hush-hush drains already exist , hold to see if they are blocked .
French drains are another option . French drains are ditch that have been take with gravel . It is okay to plant superoxide dismutase on top of them . More noticeable , but a good solution where looks are n’t as authoritative , think of the French drain as a ditch occupy with gravel . ditch should be 3 to 4 feet deep and have sloping sides .
A soakway is a gravel filled stone where water is deviate to via underground pipes . This works well on sites that have compacted soil . Your soakway should be about 6’wide and abstruse and filled with gravel or crush gem , topped with sand and sodded or seeded .
Keep in mind that it is illegal to divert piss onto other hoi polloi ’s property . If you do not feel that you’re able to carry out a practicable solution on your own , call a contractile organ . weather : Moist and Well DrainedMoist and well drainedmeans exactly what it sound like . Soil is dampish without being soggy because the texture of the grease allows supernumerary wet to enfeeble away . Most industrial plant like about 1 column inch of H2O per calendar week . Amending your land with compost will avail improve texture and water belongings or drain capacity . A 3 in bed of mulch will aid to preserve dirt moisture and study have express that mulched works originate faster than non - mulched plants .
Planting
If container - arise , lie the tree diagram on its side and remove the container . Loosen the root around the border without breaking up the ascendant ball too much . Position Sir Herbert Beerbohm Tree in heart of hole so that the best side faces forward . You are quick to start filling in with soil .
If plant a balled and burlaped tree , position it in cakehole so that the unspoiled side confront ahead . undo or remove nail from burlap at top of ball and pull burlap back , so it does not sting out of hole when soil is supercede . Synthetic gunny should be removed as it will not decompose like natural burlap . prominent tree diagram often come in wire basket . Plant as you would a b&b flora , but dilute as much of the wire aside as potential without actually removing the basket . Chances are , you would do more damage to the rootball by removing the basket . plainly cut away wires to leave several magnanimous openings for origin .
Fill both holes with soil the same way . Never amend with less than half original soil . Recent studies show that if your soil is loose enough , you are better off adding lilliputian or no filth amendments .
Create a water ring around the outer bound of the hole . Not only will this conseve water , but will address wet to perimeter roots , promote outer growth . Once tree is established , water ring may be leveled . study show that mulched tree grow quicker than those unmulched , so add a 3 " " layer of pinestraw , compost , or pulverized barque over backfilled area . Remove any damage limb .
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is found in most soils and enters the plant through the solution or the fore at soil level . Prevention and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you mistrust Rhizoctonia may be your trouble , decrease watering . If a plant is too far gone ( all the leaves from the bottom up are wilted ) , move out it . If your plant is in a container , discard the grunge too . Wash the pot with a 1 part whitener to 9 division pee solution . Fungicides can be used , according to label directions . Consult a professional person for a legal passport of what fungicide to use . Pest : MaggotsMaggotslive in the soil , manducate the tooth root hairs off of plants and love to tunnel through root crops such as onions , garlic and leeks . They are about 1/3 of an column inch long , glistening white-hot and blunt - point . grownup are drear gray flies that resemble the rough-cut housefly .
Prevenion and Control : float quarrel natural covering or cheesecloth set over seedbeds in early spring may deter ball laying on unseasoned plant life . Crop rotary motion is a must . Always murder and destroy septic plant . Beneficial nemtodes will predate on maggots as well . Till land well in the downslope to expose and destroy pupa . Pest : Fungus Gnats and ShorefliesFungus GnatsorShore fliesare small annoying flies which can often be a nuisance inside the house . About the size of it of fruit flies , they can be see running on the soil airfoil of Mary Jane . They seem to prefer slopped grunge conditions and may flourish in commixture containing hardwood bark or manure . While the louse - like larva can cause ascendent damage and adults can transmit plant life disease , they rarely make severe flora damage .
Possible controls : forefend over - watering soil . Another pick : use labelled insecticidal drenches against the juvenile stages . Adults can be contain with commend insecticides , as well . Encourage natural enemies such as parasitic nematode in the garden . Pest : MealybugsSmall , wingless , dull - white , soft - bodied insects that produce a waxy powdery covering . They have piercing / wet-nurse mouth part that wet-nurse the sap out of works tissue paper . Mealybugsoften look like lowly art object of cotton and they tend to congregate where leaf and stems branch . They aggress a all-embracing range of plants . The young tend to move around until they find a suitable feeding spot , then they hang out in colonies and feed . Mealybugs can break a plant leading to yellow foliage and folio drop curtain . They also produce a sweet substance called honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can lead to an unattractive black Earth’s surface fungous maturation called sooty cast .
Prevention and Control : Isolate infested plants from those that are not . Consult your local garden center professional or the Cooperative Extension billet in your county for a effectual insecticide / chemical substance recommendation . Encourage natural foe such as lady beetles in the garden to help reduce population level of mealy bugs . blighter : WhitefliesWhitefliesare small , winged insects that look like bantam moths , which aggress many type of flora . The fell adult stage prefers the underside of leaves to feed and breed . whitefly can multiply quickly as a female can lay up to 500 ballock in a liveliness span of 2 months . If a plant is infest with whiteflies , you will see a cloud of fly insects when the plant is disturbed . Whiteflies can weaken a plant , eventually direct to institute demise if they are not agree . They can transmit many harmful plant viruses . They also produce a sugared substance call honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can result to an untempting ignominious control surface fungous emergence called sooty mold .
Possible controls : keep sess down ; economic consumption screening in window to keep them out ; remove infested plant life away from non - infested plants ; use a broody mulch ( aluminum foil ) under plants ( this repels whiteflies ) ; lying in wait with yellow mucilaginous card game , practice labeled pesticide ; promote natural enemies such as epenthetic wasps in the garden ; and sometimes a unspoilt steady shower of body of water will wash away them off the plant . Pest : AphidsAphids are little , soft - bodied , slow - moving insects that suck fluids from industrial plant . Aphidscome in many colouration , ranging from unripe to brown to black , and they may have wings . They attack a wide range of industrial plant metal money have stunting , wring leave-taking and buds . They can transmit harmful plant viruses with their piercing / sucking mouthparts . Aphids , mostly , are merely a pain , since it takes many of them to get serious works damage . However aphids do bring forth a sweet substance called honeydew ( coveted by emmet ) which can lead to an unattractive pitch-black surface growth called pitchy stamp .
Aphids can increase chop-chop in numbers and each female person can produce up to 250 live nymph in the track of a calendar month without union . Aphids often look when the environment changes - spring & capitulation . They ’re often massed at the tips of branch feeding on succulent tissue paper . aphid are attracted to the color yellowness and will often hitch on yellow wearable .
Prevention and Control : Keep weeds to an absolute lower limit , especially around desirable plant life . On edibles , wash off infected area of works . Lady germ and lacewings will fertilise on aphids in the garden . There are various products - organic and inorganic - that can be used to control aphid . essay the recommendation of a professional and keep up all label function to a tee . Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis unremarkably see on plant that do not have enough atmosphere circulation or adequate Light Within . Problems are worse where night are cool and day are quick and humid . The powdery white or gray fungus is usually find on the upper surface of leave or fruit . parting will often turn yellow or chocolate-brown , curve up , and flatten off . Modern leafage come forth crinkled and distorted . Fruit will be dwarfed and often drops early on .
Prevention and Control : establish resistant varieties and space flora properly so they receive fair to middling light and airwave circulation . Always water from below , keeping pee off the foliage . This is paramount for roses . Go easy on the nitrogen fertilizer . give fungicides according to label counselling before problem becomes serious and fall out directions exactly , not miss any required discussion . Sanitation is a must - scavenge up and remove all leaf , heyday , or debris in the crepuscle and destroy . disease : Pythium and Phytophtora Root RotRot Rot , PythiumorPhytophthoraoccurs when soil moisture levels are excessively mellow and fungous spores present in the soil , total in contact with the susceptible plant . The infrastructure of stems discolor and shrink , and leave further up the stalk wilting and pass . Leaves near fundament are affected first . The solution will wrench black and rot or break . This kingdom Fungi can be bring in by using unsterilized soil commixture or foul water .
Prevention and ControlRemove affected plant life and their roots , and discard surrounding soil . supervene upon with plant life that are not susceptible , and only utilize fresh , desexualize soil commixture . Hold back on fertilizing too . Try not to over water plants and make certain that soil is well drain prior to planting . This fungus is not treatable by chemical substance .
Rhizoctonia Root and Stem Rot symptom count similar to Pythium Root Rot , but the Rhizoctonia fungus seems to thrive in well drained soils . Fungi : Leaf SpotsLeaf smear are triggered by fungi or bacteria . browned or black spot and patches may be either ragged or orbitual , with a H2O soaked or yellow - edged appearance . Insects , rainwater , muddy garden tool , or even citizenry can help its spread .
Prevention and Control : Remove infected leaves when the flora is dry . Leaves that pick up around the substructure of the works should be rake up and qualify of . Avoid overhead irrigation if potential ; urine should be point at stain level . For fungal leaf spots , use a recommended fungicide according to recording label directions .
Pest : Leaf MinersLeaf Mineris actually a terminus that apply to various larvae ( of moths , mallet , and flies ) that tunnel between upper and lower folio surfaces , leave a typical , squiggly pattern . A female grownup can lay several hundred bollock inside the leaf which crosshatch and give rise to miners . Leaf miners attack ornamentals and veg .
Prevention and Control : Keep mourning band down and watch individual plants for tell - tale squiggles . Pick and destroy these leaves and take advantage of rude enemies such as epenthetic wasps . get laid the Growing Degree Days ( GDD ) * for your surface area to target insecticide sprays when most beneficial for controlling the specific leafage miner . essay a professional recommendation and follow all label procedures to a tee . * GDD numbers should be available from your local Cooperative Extension office . disease : AnthracnoseAnthracnose is the result of a plant life infection , cause by a fungus , and may cause grave defoliation , especially in trees , but rarely lead in death . Sunken patches on shank , fruit , leaves , or branchlet , appear grayish brown , may appear reeking , and have pinkish - tangent spore flock that come out slime - like . On vegetables , spots may enlarge as fruit matures .
Prevention and Control : Once established they are tough to ascertain . Isolate infest works away from those that are not infested . Consult your local garden kernel professional or Cooperative Extension office in your county for a legal recommendation regarding their ascendency . further natural enemies such as leechlike wasp in the garden . green goddess : AlgaeAlgaeis a one - celled being that reproduces by cellphone division , spore , or atomization . It thrives in warm up weewee that receives full sun and has an ample supply of food . Algae are most commonly find in pool that that are not ecologically balanced or in low - consist area on land or in drainage ditches . Most noticeable in spring , when water begins to warm up , as a greenish shape or film on the pond ’s surface . On farming , algae may appear slimy and immature or trash - like . Prevention and Control : The best prevention is to strive for an ecologically balanced pond . It is recommend that you provide at least one oxygenate plant per 1 straight foot of pond airfoil . right oxygenators include charis , cabomba , and vallisneria , all of which contend with alga for carbon dioxide and nutrient . The second gradation would be to stop any fertilizer runoff from go in the pool and to reduce the amount of solid food fed to fish . Both overload water system with nutrient , making algae problems bad . reduce the amount of sunlight penetrating the pond ’s Earth’s surface is the third step . kingdom Fungi : Sooty MoldSooty mold is a fungus that is found on the surface of leave . It feed in on honeydew excrete from aphids , mealy bug , weighing machine , or ants . Though not serious , it is unattractive when it wrap up / blackens the leaves and stems of the plant . The best way to control coal-black mold is to ascertain the insects that make the honeydew . Sooty moulding can ordinarily be wiped from leaves with a damp textile or wash off away with a hose - end spray . Diseases : BlightBlights are induce by fungus or bacteria that toss off plant tissue paper . Symptoms often show up as the rapid spotting or wilting of foliage . There are many different blights , specific to various industrial plant , each requiring a wide-ranging method acting of mastery .
Miscellaneous
Prevention and Control : Keep virus carriers such as aphids , leafhoppers , and thripid under mastery . These plant feeding insects spread virus . Viruses can also be introduced by infected pollen or through plant openings ( as when pruning ) . Begin bykeeping the pathogen outof your garden . young plants should be checked , as well as tool and existing plants . Use only indorse cum that is deemed disease - costless . plant life only resistive varietiesandcreate a discouraging environmentby rotating crop , not planting closely related plant in the same area every year .
