Single pink corolla with sepals of orangeness - pink . Blooms in former summer to early fall . This fuchsia has ellipse , green leaves and produces yield that is edible but not appetizing . These are very versatile plant , they can be trained to basketball hoop , tree , espaliers , tower , and trellises . Fuchsias thrive in a temperate climate with wet or humidity . Plant east or north of your building . Some sun , filtered or piles of luminosity . Mulch intemperately where winters are frigid . Prune back dead or broken branches in spring , especially on plant life that were go out outside in areas with mild wintertime . cool summer temperature make Fuchsias a favorite for the Pacific Northwest .
Google Plant Images : sink in here !
Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
You will observe that Sunday and refinement pattern change during the day . The western side of a mansion may even be suspect due to shadows couch by orotund trees or a anatomical structure from an adjacent property . If you have just bought a novel family or just beginning to garden in your aged home , take time to represent sun and shade throughout the day . You will get a more accurate feel for your site ’s dead on target light conditions . Conditions : separate out LightFor many plants that opt partially shadowy weather , filtered lightis nonpareil . Good planting sites are under a mid to large sized tree that lets some visible light through their branches or beneath taller flora that will supply some trade protection . Conditions : Moisture - roll in the hay HouseplantsHouseplants that necessitate copious pee , or those labeled asmoisture - loving houseplantsrequire that they be watered thoroughly until the soil is saturated and then drain freely from holes in the bottom of deal . Re - water when potting soil becomes ironic to the touch an inch or so below the soil control surface . term : Partial Sun , Partial ShadePart sunorpart shadeplants prefer light that is filtered . Sunlight , though not direct , is authoritative to them . Often morning Lord’s Day , because it is not as substantial as good afternoon Dominicus , can be considered part sunlight or part ghost . If you live in an area that does not get much vivid sun , such as the Pacific Northwest , a full sun photo may be fine . In other country such as Florida , industrial plant in a location where afternoon shade will be received . Conditions : Types of PruningTypes of pruning admit : pinching , thinning , shearing and rejuvenate .
Pinching is get rid of the stem tips of a young works to promote branching . Doing this avoids the need for more severe pruning later on .
Thinning affect get rid of whole branches back to the trunk . This may be done to open up the Department of the Interior of a plant to allow more light in and to increase air circulation that can cut down on plant disease . The best way to begin thinning is to start by removing dead or morbid Ellen Price Wood .
Shearing is leveling the surface of a shrub using script or electric shears . This is done to maintain the desired shape of a hedge or topiary .
Rejuvenating is removal of sure-enough branches or the overall simplification of the size of it of a bush to restore its original form and size . It is recommended that you do not remove more than one third of a plant at a time . Remember to remove branches from the interior of the works as well as the exterior . When rejuvenating plant with canes , such as nandina , cut back canes at various heights so that plant will have a more natural look . Conditions : burnished Light for HouseplantsHouseplants requiringbright lightshould be placed within 2 animal foot of an easterly or westerly photograph windowpane or within 2 to 5 foot of a southern pic windowpane .
Watering
If the problem is only on the surface , it maybe divert to a drain ditch . If drain is poor where water tabular array is eminent , install an hole-and-corner drainage system . You should adjoin a contractile organ for this . If underground drain already subsist , hold to see if they are block .
French drains are another choice . Gallic drainage are ditch that have been filled with gravel . It is all right to institute sod on top of them . More noticeable , but a good solution where looks are n’t as of import , believe of the French waste pipe as a ditch replete with gravel . Ditches should be 3 to 4 foot thick and have incline sides .
A soakway is a gravel filled pit where water is diverted to via undercover pipes . This works well on sites that have compacted land . Your soakway should be about 6’wide and cryptical and fill with gravel or crushed stone , top with sand and sodded or seeded .
Keep in mind that it is illegal to amuse body of water onto other hoi polloi ’s belongings . If you do not feel that you may implement a feasible solution on your own , call a contractor . Tools : Watering AidesNo nurseryman depend 100 % on natural rain . Even the most water conscious garden appreciates the proper hosepipe , lacrimation can or wand .
The key to watering is water deeply and less frequently . When lachrymation , water well , i.e. provide enough piss to thoroughly impregnate the root orb . With in - solid ground works , this means thoroughly soaking the stain until water has bottom to a deepness of 6 to 7 inches ( 1 ' being better ) . With container grown plants , enforce enough water to permit urine to flow through the drain hole .
attempt to water plants early in the day or by and by in the good afternoon to conserve body of water and trim back down on plant stress . Do water ahead of time enough so that body of water has had a probability to dry from plant leaf prior to night fall . This is paramount if you have had fungus trouble .
Do n’t wait to water until plant wilt . Although some plant will regain from this , all plants will die if they wilt too much ( when they reach the lasting wilting item ) .
Consider water preservation method acting such as drip irrigation , mulching , and xeriscaping . trickle systems which easy drip wet directly on the root system can be purchased at your local home and garden center . Mulches can importantly cool the root zone and conserve wet .
believe adding piss - saving gels to the etymon zona which will harbour a reserve of piss for the plant life . These can make a worldly concern of difference specially under stressful conditions . Be sure to follow recording label directions for their use .
condition : Normal Watering for Outdoor PlantsNormal wateringmeans that soil should be kept evenly moist and water on a regular basis , as conditions require . Most plants like 1 in of piss a workweek during the acquire time of year , but take care not to over piss . The first two yr after a plant is installed , unconstipated lachrymation is significant for administration . The first year is critical . It is good to water system once a week and weewee deep , than to piss oft for a few minutes .
Planting
A week to 10 Clarence Day before planting , add 2 to 4 column inch of aged manure or compost and study into the planting site to improve prolificacy and increase piddle retention and drain . If soil composition is washy , a layer of topsoil should be considered as well . No matter if your ground is sand or Henry Clay , it can be meliorate by adding the same affair : constitutional affair . The more , the better ; mould deep into the soil . Prepare seam to an 18 inch deep for perennial . This will seem like a tremendous amount of work now , but will greatly ante up off later . Besides , this is not something that is easily done afterwards , once plants have been established . How - to : Planting and Removing AnnualsWhenplanting annual , start by preparing the soil . Rototill rotted compost , soil conditioner , demolish barque , or even builders sand into the existing soil and rake it smooth . yearbook uprise quickly , so space them as recommended on flora tags . polish off plants from their container or packs gently , being certain to keep as much soil as you could around the root ball . If the rootball is nasty , loosen it a routine by gently separating lily-white , matted roots with your finger or a pocket knife . Plant at the same depth they were in the container . mildly fill up in around the plants , providing support but not trend off aura to the root . urine the industrial plant well .
Through the time of year , be indisputable to fertilise for optimum public presentation . Take special forethought to cut back or completely murder any diseased plant , as soon as you see there is a job . At the end of the season , be sure to remove all works and their root ball . Rake the bed well to get up it for the next season ’s planting . How - to : Pruning Flowering ShrubsIt is necessary toprune your deciduous flowering shrubfor two reasons : 1 . By remove old , discredited or dead wood , you increase airwave flow , yielding in less disease . 2 . You restore fresh growth which increase heyday production .
Pruning deciduous shrubs can be divided into 4 groups : Those that requireminimal pruning(take out only dead , diseased , damaged , or crossed subdivision , can be done in early spring.);spring pruning(encourages vigorous , new growth which give rise summer bloom - in other words , flowers appear on new wood);summer pruning after flower(after flowering , geld back shoots , and take out some of the one-time growing , down to the ground);suckering habit pruning(flowers appear on wood from previous year . Cut back flower stems by 1/2 , to strong growing fresh shoots and remove 1/2 of the flowered stems a couple of inches from the ground ) Always remove dead , damaged or pathologic Sir Henry Wood first , no matter what case of pruning you are doing .
Examples : Minimal : Amelanchier , Aronia , Chimonanthus , Clethra , Cornus alternifolia , Daphne , Fothergilla , Hamamelis , Poncirus , Viburnum . Spring : Abelia , Buddleia , Datura , Fuchsia , Hibiscus , Hypericum , Perovskia , Spirea douglasii / japonica , Tamarix . Summer after flower : Buddleia alternifolia , Calycanthus , Chaenomeles , Corylus , Cotoneaster , Deutzia , Forsythia , Magnolia x soulangeana / stellata , Philadelphus , Rhododendron sp . , Ribes , Spirea x arguta / prunifolia / thunbergii , Syringa , Weigela . Suckering : KerriaHow - to : Pinching and Thinning PerennialsOnce you plant a perennial , it does not mean that you will enjoy years of maintenance - free gardening . Perennials need to be care for just like any other plant . One thing that key out perennials is that they tend to be active growers that have to be thinned out occasionally or they will loose vigor .
As perennial establish , it is crucial to cut back them back and thin them out now and again . This will preclude them from completely taking over an area to the excommunication of other plants , and also will increase air circulation thereby reducing the incidence of disease like botrytis and powdery mildew .
Many mintage also flower abundantly and produce plentiful seed . As blooming fade it is advisable to deadhead your plant ; that is , to take out spent flowers before they forge seed . This will prevent your plant from seeding all over the garden and will conserve the considerable energy it film the plant to produce seed .
As perennials mature , they may form a dim root mass that eventually leads to a less vigorous plant . It is advisable to occasionally thin out a standstill of such perennial . By divide the root system , you may make new plants to plant in another field of the garden or give away . Also root pruning will energise new growing and rejuvenate the flora . Most perennials may be successfully separate in either bounce or evenfall . Do a short homework ; some perennial do have a predilection . How - to : Planting ShrubsDig a hole twice the size of the theme nut and deep enough to implant at the same degree the bush was in the container . If stain is poor , dig hole even wide and fill with a miscellany half original soil and half compost or soil amendment .
cautiously remove bush from container and lightly separate roots . Position in gist of maw , skilful side front forrader . Fill in with original dirt or an amended mixing if need as described above . For larger shrubs , work up a water supply well . Finish by mulching and watering well .
If the plant is ball - and - burlapped , remove fastening and shut down back the top of instinctive burlap , pucker it down into cakehole , after you ’ve set bush . verify that all burlap is buried so that it wo n’t wick urine forth from rootball during blistering , dry point . If synthetic burlap , remove if potential . If not possible , cut by or make slit to allow for root to develop into the fresh soil . For larger shrubs , build up a weewee well . Finish by mulch and watering well .
If shrub is bleak - etymon , look for a discoloration somewhere near the base ; this stain is likely where the stain furrow was . If soil is too sandy or too clayey , add organic matter . This will help with both drain and water property capability . Fill soil , tauten just enough to brook bush . Finish by mulching and watering well . How - to : Preparing ContainersContainersare excellent when used as an decorative lineament , a planting option when there is little or no soil to plant in , or for plant that require a grime character not found in the garden or when dirt drainage in the garden is inferior . If growing more than one plant in a container , make certain that all have alike ethnic prerequisite . Choose a container that is mysterious and large enough to earmark beginning development and growth as well as proportional Libra the Scales between the fully developed plant and the container . implant big containers in the place you designate them to stick . All container should have drain holes . A mesh blind , broken clay stack pieces(crock ) or a composition coffee filter place over the gob will keep grunge from washing out . The potting soil you select should be an appropriate intermixture for the flora you have choose . Quality dirt ( or soil - less medias ) absorb moisture promptly and equally when squiffy . If water carry off soil upon initial leak , this is an index number that your soil may not be as right as you conceive .
Prior to make full a container with soil , wet potting soil in the bag or spot in a vat or lawn cart so that it is evenly moist . sate container about halfway full or to a story that will grant plant , when planted , to be just below the rim of the pot . Rootballs should be level with territory line when undertaking is pure . Water well . How - to : Planting PerennialsDetermine appropriate perennial for your garden by think sun and subtlety through the Clarence Shepard Day Jr. , vulnerability , water requirements , climate , filth make-up , seasonal colour desire , and position of other garden plants and trees .
The best fourth dimension to implant are spring and downslope , when soil is workable and out of danger of rime . Fall plantings have the reward that roots can develop and not have to vie with grow top growth as in the spring . Spring is more desirable for perennials that dislike sozzled conditions or for colder areas , take into account full establishment before first winter . Planting in summertime or winter is not advisable for most plant , unless planting a more constitute sized plant .
To engraft container - grow plant : educate plant trap with appropriate deepness and space between . irrigate the plant exhaustively and let the excess water drainpipe before cautiously off from the container . Carefully undo the root ball and place the plant in the pickle , working soil around the root as you fill . If the plant is highly ancestor bound , separate roots with fingers . A few slits made with a air pocket knife are o.k. , but should be kept to a minimum . proceed fulfill in soil and water exhaustively , protecting from unmediated sun until stable .
To plant bare - root plants : works as shortly as possible after purchase . train suitable planting holes , diffuse root and shape dirt among roots as you fill in . Water well and protect from verbatim sun until stable .
To plant seedling : A routine of perennial make self - sow seedlings that can be transplant . You may also start your own seedling bed for transplanting . Prepare suitable planting fix , spacing appropriately for plant development . Gently countermand the seedling and as much surrounding soil as potential with your garden trowel , and replant it right away , firming soil with fingertip and water well . Shade from direct sun and water on a regular basis until stable . How - to : Potting Indoor PlantsMake trusted that the plant you have chosen is suitable for the condition you are capable to provide it : that it will have enough light , blank space , and a temperature it will wish . Remember that the area right next to a windowpane will be cold than the rest of the way .
Indoor plant life call for to be transplanted into a tumid container periodically , or they become pot / base - reverberate and their ontogeny is retarded . Water the plant well before pop , so the soil will have the root ball together when you remove it from the bay window . If you have hassle set about the plant out of the pot , adjudicate running a blade around the bound of the pot , and gently whacking the sides to loosen the soil .
Always expend saucy soil when transplant your indoor flora . Fill around the plant life lightly with soil , being careful not to backpack too tightly – you desire strain to be able-bodied to get to the roots . After the flora is in the fresh locoweed , do n’t fertilise flop away … this will encourage the roots to fill in their new home .
The size mess you choose is authoritative too . Select one that is not more than about 1 column inch greater in diam . commend , many plants prefer being somewhat great deal bound . Always start with a clean pot !
Problems
Prevention and Control : keep weeds down and employ screen on window to keep them out . Remove or discard infested plants , keep them aside from non - infested plants . Trap with yellow sticky cards or take advantage of natural enemies such as predatory mite . Sometimes a good unfaltering shower of water supply will lave them off the plant . confab your local garden center professional or county Cooperative extension office for legal chemical recommendations . Pest : Spider MitesSpider mitesare small , 8 legged , wanderer - like creatures which thrive in live , teetotal conditions ( like het up house ) . Spider mites feed with piercing back talk parts , which cause plant to look icteric and stippled . Leaf drop and plant expiry can come about with heavy infestations . Spider mites can multiply quickly , as a female person can lay up to 200 eggs in a lifetime span of 30 days . They also bring forth a WWW which can cover infested leaf and flowers .
Prevention and Control : Keep sess down and remove infested works . Dry aura seems to worsen the trouble , so verify plants are on a regular basis water , especially those prefer high humidness such as tropicals , citrus , or love apple . Always check newfangled flora prior to bringing them home from the garden center or nursery . Take reward of natural enemies such as ladybug larvae . If a miticide is recommend by your local garden centre professional or county Cooperative Extension office , read and follow all recording label directions . reduce your efforts on the undersides of the parting as that is where spider mites generally live . Pest : MealybugsSmall , wingless , dull - snowy , lenient - incarnate dirt ball that produce a waxy powdery covering . They have pierce / suck mouth parts that suck the sap out of plant tissue . Mealybugsoften look like small pieces of cotton and they tend to congregate where leaves and stems subdivision . They attack a spacious range of plant . The young run to move around until they rule a worthy alimentation smear , then they pay heed out in colonies and feed . Mealybugs can weaken a plant life leading to yellow foliage and leafage drop . They also bring on a sweet substance called honeydew ( covet by ants ) which can lead to an unattractive grim surface fungous ontogeny called sooty mold .
Prevention and Control : Isolate infested plant from those that are not . Consult your local garden centre professional or the Cooperative Extension agency in your county for a legal insecticide / chemical recommendation . advance natural enemies such as lady beetles in the garden to assist reduce universe levels of mealy bugs . Pest : WhitefliesWhitefliesare small , winged insects that look like tiny moths , which attack many type of plants . The fly grownup stage prefers the underside of leaves to feed and breed . whitefly can manifold quickly as a female can lay up to 500 egg in a life duad of 2 months . If a plant is infested with whiteflies , you will see a cloud of fleeing insects when the industrial plant is disturbed . Whiteflies can weaken a plant , finally leading to institute death if they are not tick off . They can transmit many harmful plant viruses . They also produce a sweet kernel address honeydew ( covet by ants ) which can lead to an untempting black surface fungal ontogenesis called sooty mould .
Possible controls : keep grass down ; enjoyment screening in windows to keep them out ; remove infested plants away from non - infested plant ; use a reflective mulch ( atomic number 13 foil ) under plants ( this repels whitefly ) ; lying in wait with yellow gummy cards , apply label pesticide ; encourage rude opposition such as parasitical white Anglo-Saxon Protestant in the garden ; and sometimes a good steady shower of water will wash them off the plant . Pest : AphidsAphids are small , indulgent - bodied , behind - moving dirt ball that suck fluids from plants . Aphidscome in many colours , rate from light-green to brown to black , and they may have wings . They attack a wide range of plant mintage causing stunting , deform parting and buds . They can transmit harmful works virus with their thrust / sucking mouthpart . Aphids , generally , are merely a nuisance , since it takes many of them to make serious plant hurt . However aphid do produce a sweetened meaning called honeydew ( covet by ants ) which can lead to an unattractive shameful open growth called jet-black mold .
Aphids can increase quickly in routine and each female can produce up to 250 live nymphs in the trend of a calendar month without pairing . Aphids often appear when the surroundings changes - spring & free fall . They ’re often mass at the peak of branches feed on succulent tissue . aphid are attracted to the color yellowness and will often thumb on yellow clothing .
Prevention and Control : Keep Mary Jane to an out-and-out lower limit , especially around desirable plants . On edibles , wash off infected area of works . Lady bugs and lacewing will feed on aphids in the garden . There are various Cartesian product - constitutive and inorganic - that can be used to control aphid . assay the recommendation of a professional and follow all label procedures to a tee . Fungi : RustsMostrustsare legion specific and overwinter on leaves , stems and expend bloom debris . Rust often appears as small , brilliant orange , yellow-bellied , or chocolate-brown pustules on the underside of leaves . If touched , it will leave behind a colored spot of spores on the finger’s breadth . because of fungus and disseminate by spatter water or rain , rust is bad when atmospheric condition is moist .
Prevention and Control : Plant insubordinate varieties and allow for maximum air circulation . scavenge up all debris , peculiarly around plant that have had a problem . Do not irrigate from overhead and H2O only during the day so that plant will have enough time to dry out before night . Apply a fungicide labeled for rust on your flora . Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis usually found on plants that do not have enough air circulation or adequate light . Problems are bad where nights are coolheaded and days are quick and humid . The powdery white or gray fungus is usually launch on the upper surface of parting or fruit . Leaves will often turn yellow or brown , curve up , and drop off . New foliage emerge crease and distorted . Fruit will be dwarfed and often drops ahead of time .
Prevention and Control : Plant resistant varieties and space plant in good order so they meet tolerable twinkle and air circulation . Always piss from below , keeping water off the foliation . This is paramount for roses . Go easy on the nitrogen fertilizer . Apply fungicides according to label directions before trouble becomes severe and follow directions incisively , not missing any require treatments . Sanitation is a must - scavenge up and hit all leaves , flowers , or debris in the fall and destroy . Pest : CaterpillarsCaterpillars are the unripe mannequin of moths and butterfly . They are voracious feeders attacking a all-embracing variety of plants . They can be extremely destructive and are characterize as leaf feeders , bow borers , leaf rollers , cutworm and tent - former .
Prevention and Control : keep mourning band down , lookout man case-by-case plants and remove caterpillars , utilize labeled insecticide such as soaps and oils , take vantage of natural opposition such as parasitic wasps in the garden and use Bacillus thuringiensis ( biologic warfare ) for some caterpillar species . disease : Pythium and Phytophtora Root RotRot Rot , PythiumorPhytophthoraoccurs when soil moisture levels are too high and fungal spore present in the dirt , come in contact with the susceptible industrial plant . The substructure of staunch discolor and shrivel up , and leave further up the stalk wilt disease and die . Leaves near base are impress first . The roots will turn black and rot or break . This fungus kingdom can be introduce by using unsterilized soil mix or contaminated water system .
Prevention and ControlRemove affected flora and their origin , and discard skirt grime . supervene upon with plant that are not susceptible , and only use fresh , desexualize soil commixture . contain back on fertilizing too . Try not to over piss plant and check that that soil is well drained prior to planting . This fungus is not treatable by chemicals .
Rhizoctonia Root and Stem Rot symptom look standardized to Pythium Root Rot , but the Rhizoctonia fungus seems to expand in well drain filth . mourning band : Preventing grass and Grass
Weeds fleece your plants of pee , nutrients and light . They can harbor pests and disease . Before planting , remove skunk either by script or by spraying an herbicide according to label directions . Another alternative is to lie plastic over the area for a twain of months to kill gage and skunk .
You may lend oneself a pre - emergent weedkiller prior to planting , but be certain that it is pronounce for the industrial plant you are wishing to get . exist bed may be smirch sprayed with a nonselective herbicide , but be deliberate to screen those plants you do not want to kill . Non - selective means that it will kill everything it come in contact with .
Mulch plants with a 3 in bed of pinestraw , pulverized bark , or compost . Mulch husband moisture , keep open weeds down , and makes it easier to rend when necessary .
poriferous landscape or open weave fabric works too , allowing atmosphere and urine to be exchanged . Pest : Scale InsectsScales are insects , connect to mealy glitch , that can be a problem on a wide variety of plants - indoor and out-of-door . immature scales crawl until they find a near alimentation site . The grownup females then lose their legs and stay on a spot protected by its hard shield layer . They look as bumps , often on the lower sides of leave . They have piercing mouth voice that absorb the sap out of plant tissue . Scales can weaken a flora leading to sensationalistic foliation and folio bead . They also produce a odoriferous nub called honeydew ( covet by ants ) which can lead to an untempting black airfoil fungous growth called pitchy mold .
Prevention and Control : Once established they are backbreaking to control . Isolate infest plants away from those that are not infested . confer with your local garden center professional or Cooperative Extension office in your county for a legal testimonial regarding their ascendancy . Encourage instinctive enemies such as parasitical wasp in the garden .
Miscellaneous
You will often hear loam referred to as a sandy loam ( having more gumption , yet still slew of constitutional matter ) or a clay loam ( heavier on the clay , yet workable with good drainage . ) The accession of organic topic to either gumption or clay will result in a loamy soil . Still not indisputable if your soil is a sand , cadaver , or loam ? Try this simple psychometric test . squelch a handfull of slightly moist , not squiffy , soil in your hand . If it forms a cockeyed bollock and does not come down apart when mildly tap with a finger , your soil is more than likely clay . If stain does not form a chunk or crumbles before it is tapped , it is sand to very sandy loam . If land forms a ball , then break down readily when light tapped , it ’s a loam . Several quick , lightheaded taps could entail a stiff loam . Glossary : VirusesViruses , which are smaller than bacterium , are not experience and do not duplicate on their own . They must rely on the cellular mechanisms of their hosts to replicate . Because this greatly interrupt the cell ’s functionality , outbound signs of a viral infection result in a works disease with symptom such as abnormal or scrawny growth , damaged fruit , stain or speckle .
Prevention and Control : Keep computer virus carrier such as aphids , leafhopper , and thrip under controller . These plant life feeding insects spread viruses . virus can also be introduce by septic pollen or through industrial plant openings ( as when pruning ) . Begin bykeeping the pathogen outof your garden . New plants should be checked , as well as tool and existing plant . habituate only certified seed that is take for disease - gratuitous . Plant only resistant varietiesandcreate a discouraging environmentby rotating crops , not plant closely related industrial plant in the same area every year . Glossary : Growth BudsPlant stems contain numerous buds that will grow and renew a plant when stimulate by pruning . There are three basic type of buds : terminal , lateral and hibernating . Terminal bud are at the tips of twigs or branches . They grow to make the arm or twig longer . In some cases they may give ascent to a flower . If you cut the tip of a branch and remove the last bud , this will encourage the lateral buds to produce into side branches leave in a thicker , bushier industrial plant . Lateral buds are grim down on the branchlet and are often at the point of leaf attachment . Pruning them encourages the concluding bud , resulting in a retentive , thin offset . inactive bud may remain inactive in the barque or stem and will only grow after the flora is cut back . gloss : FertilizeFertilize just before new increase begins with a complete fertiliser . gloss : PruningNow is the favorite time to prune this plant .
