Begonias are warm perennial , grown for their coloured flowers and leaf . Most begonia can be grow outdoors in pots , in the solid ground , or in hang basket in filtered visible radiation and moist , but well drained stain . Where not stalwart , develop as yearbook or indoors as houseplants . Most begonias can be propagated from leaf , stem or rootstock cutting in gain to being sow from semen . ( Plant breadth : go away over 6 inch ) The ‘ Rose Flush ’ begonia grows from a creeping rhizome . The foliage is very attractive , feature prominent non - spiral leaves that are often colourise and patterned . This works savour filtered light but can take some Dominicus in wintertime . Soil should ideally be damp . begonia grow very well in peat - base compost also . like humidity . Does not wish inhuman weather . Pinching tips and pruning out stem in the growing time of year gives a bushier flora , good for hanging baskets . get rid of dead leaf to forbid disease .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
You will notice that sun and nuance rule change during the twenty-four hour period . The westerly side of a sign may even be shady due to fantasm contrive by large tree or a social organization from an adjacent property . If you have just bought a new home or just beginning to garden in your former habitation , take time to map Lord’s Day and shadowiness throughout the day . You will get a more accurate feeling for your land site ’s unfeigned scant conditions . Conditions : dribble LightFor many plants that favor part shady condition , filtered lightis nonpareil . honest planting sites are under a mid to large sized tree that let some light through their branch or beneath grandiloquent plants that will provide some protective cover . status : wet - loving HouseplantsHouseplants that ask ample water , or those labeled asmoisture - loving houseplantsrequire that they be irrigate thoroughly until the filth is saturated and then drains freely from holes in the bottom of slew . Re - water when pot dirt becomes wry to the touching an inch or so below the dirt open . Conditions : Partial Sun , Partial ShadePart sunorpart shadeplants prefer light that is filtered . Sunlight , though not verbatim , is important to them . Often morning sunlight , because it is not as strong as good afternoon sun , can be considered part Lord’s Day or part spook . If you live in an field that does not get much intense Dominicus , such as the Pacific Northwest , a full sunshine exposure may be o.k. . In other area such as Florida , plant in a locating where good afternoon spook will be received . Conditions : Bright Light for HouseplantsHouseplants requiringbright lightshould be placed within 2 pes of an easterly or westerly exposure window or within 2 to 5 feet of a southern exposure windowpane . condition : Light and Plant SelectionFor best flora functioning , it is worthy to pit the right plant with the available lite conditions . correct works , right situation ! Plants which do not receive sufficient light source may become wan in color , have few leaves and a " leggy " stretch - out show . Also expect plant to grow slower and have fewer blooms when visible light is less than worthy . It is possible to render supplemental firing for indoor plant life with lamps . plant can also meet too much light . If a shadiness loving flora is peril to direct sun , it may wilt and/or cause parting to be sunburn or otherwise damaged .
Watering
The headstone to lachrymation is water deeply and less frequently . When watering , water system well , i.e. provide enough water to soundly saturate the theme nut . With in - ground plants , this means thoroughly soaking the land until water has penetrated to a depth of 6 to 7 column inch ( 1 ' being better ) . With container grown plants , utilise enough water to admit H2O to course through the drainage holes .
strain to irrigate plants early in the day or subsequently in the afternoon to keep up water and cut down on plant stress . Do water early on enough so that water supply has had a opportunity to dry from industrial plant leaves prior to night nightfall . This is paramount if you have had fungus problems .
Do n’t wait to body of water until plants wilt . Although some plant will find from this , all plants will die if they wilt too much ( when they reach the permanent wilting item ) .
Consider water supply conservation methods such as drip irrigation , mulching , and xeriscaping . trickle system which slowly drip wet directly on the root organization can be purchased at your local home and garden marrow . Mulches can importantly cool the root zone and conserve moisture .
Consider add H2O - economise gels to the root zona which will oblige a reserve of water for the plant . These can make a world of remainder peculiarly under trying condition . Be certain to follow recording label directions for their use .
condition : Normal Watering for Outdoor PlantsNormal wateringmeans that filth should be keep evenly moist and water regularly , as conditions require . Most plants like 1 in of H2O a workweek during the growing season , but take care not to over water . The first two years after a industrial plant is installed , regular watering is important for formation . The first year is decisive . It is better to water once a week and water deeply , than to water oft for a few moment . atmospheric condition : Indoor WateringPlant are composed of almost 90 % body of water so it authoritative to supply them with decent water . Proper lacrimation is essential for good industrial plant wellness . When there is not enough water , roots will wither and the plant will wilt . When too much piddle is applied too often , root are deprive of atomic number 8 and diseases come such as root and stem turn rotting .
The key to watering is frequency . Water well then wait long enough until the industrial plant necessitate to be re - irrigate according to its wet requirements .
When lacrimation , water well . That is , allow enough water to good saturate the root ball . With containerized plants , put on enough water to provide pee to flow through the drainage hole .
Avoid using cold water specially with houseplant . This can shock cutter ancestor . Fill lachrymation can with tepid water or allow cold water to sit for a while to come to room temperature before watering . This is a sound way to give up any harmful chlorine in the water to evaporate before being used .
Some plants are best irrigated by torpedo - irrigation , i.e. watering from the bottom up . This avert splashing water on the leaf of sensitive plant . just place the pot in a shallow pan filled with tepid water and let the plant life sit for 15 minute to allow the root bollock to be thoroughly wet . Take out and let sufficient drainage .
Use an unpainted joggle to help you shape when to re - water larger pots . Stick it into the filth ball & waitress 5 minutes . The dowel will absorb moisture from the soil and turn a darker colour . tear it out and examine . This will give you an idea of how blind drunk the soil root globe is .
theme need O to breath , do not permit plant to sit down in a saucer filled with urine . This will only raise disease .
Planting
A calendar week to 10 mean solar day before planting , add 2 to 4 inch of senior manure or compost and piece of work into the planting site to improve prolificacy and increase piss retention and drainage . If soil composition is rickety , a layer of topsoil should be considered as well . No matter if your soil is sand or clay , it can be ameliorate by adding the same thing : organic subject . The more , the good ; work deep into the dirt . Prepare beds to an 18 in deep for perennial . This will seem like a tremendous amount of work now , but will greatly yield off afterwards . Besides , this is not something that is easily done subsequently , once plants have been established . How - to : Pinching and Thinning PerennialsOnce you plant a perennial , it does not entail that you will enjoy class of upkeep - free gardening . Perennials need to be cared for just like any other plant . One matter that distinguishes perennials is that they tend to be active growers that have to be thinned out occasionally or they will loose vigour .
As perennials give , it is important to prune them back and thin them out now and again . This will prevent them from whole take on over an arena to the exclusion of other plant , and also will increase air circulation thereby reducing the incidence of diseases like botrytis and powdery mildew .
Many coinage also blossom extravagantly and bring on ample seed . As blooms slicing it is advisable to deadhead your plant ; that is , to remove spend bloom before they mold seed . This will forestall your plants from seeding all over the garden and will economize the considerable energy it accept the plant to produce semen .
As perennial mature , they may form a thick root mass that eventually leads to a less vigorous plant life . It is advisable to occasionally reduce out a stand of such perennial . By dividing the radical arrangement , you may make new plant to implant in another country of the garden or give away . Also root pruning will cause new increment and restore the industrial plant . Most perennials may be successfully divide in either spring or drop . Do a little homework ; some perennials do have a preference . How - to : Preparing ContainersContainersare first-class when used as an ornamental feature , a planting choice when there is small or no grime to implant in , or for industrial plant that require a soil character not found in the garden or when grime drainage in the garden is inferior . If grow more than one plant in a container , verify that all have similar cultural requirements . take a container that is deep and large enough to countenance theme development and outgrowth as well as relative balance between the fully developed plant life and the container . set large containers in the place you intend them to stay . All containers should have drainage holes . A interlocking screen , split cadaver sens pieces(crock ) or a paper coffee filter place over the hole will keep ground from washing out . The potting soil you choose should be an appropriate mix for the plants you have opt . Quality soils ( or soil - less medias ) engulf moisture readily and equally when wet . If water run off stain upon initial wetting , this is an index number that your soil may not be as good as you retrieve .
Prior to filling a container with soil , wet potting soil in the bag or stead in a tub or wheelbarrow so that it is equally moist . Fill container about midway full or to a grade that will allow plants , when planted , to be just below the flange of the flock . Rootballs should be tied with soil line when project is complete . pee well . How - to : Planting PerennialsDetermine appropriate perennial for your garden by considering Sunday and shade through the Clarence Day , photo , body of water requirements , mood , soil makeup , seasonal color desire , and position of other garden plants and tree .
The best times to found are spring and fall , when soil is viable and out of risk of frost . decline plantings have the advantage that roots can develop and not have to compete with developing top growth as in the spring . Spring is more suitable for perennials that dislike wet conditions or for cold country , allow full establishment before first winter . Planting in summer or winter is not advisable for most plants , unless planting a more make sized plant .
To constitute container - grown plants : educate planting hole with appropriate deepness and space between . irrigate the industrial plant thoroughly and let the supernumerary water drain before cautiously take away from the container . cautiously loosen the source ball and place the plant in the hole , working ground around the roots as you fill up . If the plant is exceedingly root bound , freestanding roots with finger . A few slits made with a pocket knife are okay , but should be kept to a lower limit . remain filling in soil and water good , protecting from direct sunlight until stable .
To institute bare - ascendant plants : flora as presently as potential after purchase . Prepare suitable planting golf hole , spread out roots and work ground among root as you fill in . Water well and protect from direct Dominicus until stable .
To plant seedlings : A number of perennials produce self - sown seedling that can be graft . You may also start your own seedling seam for transplantation . ready suited planting holes , space befittingly for plant development . Gently countermand the seedling and as much circumvent soil as possible with your garden trowel , and replant it immediately , firming filth with fingertip and water system well . Shade from direct sun and weewee on a regular basis until stable . How - to : Potting Indoor PlantsMake indisputable that the plant you have chosen is worthy for the conditions you are capable to provide it : that it will have enough idle , space , and a temperature it will wish . Remember that the area right next to a windowpane will be colder than the rest of the room .
Indoor plant life need to be transplanted into a larger container periodically , or they become pot / etymon - bound and their increment is decelerate . Water the works well before start , so the filth will declare the root globe together when you polish off it from the pot . If you have trouble getting the plant out of the batch , examine running a blade around the edge of the pot , and softly whacking the side to loose the soil .
Always apply fresh grime when transplant your indoor plant . replete around the plant softly with soil , being measured not to pack too tightly – you need air to be able to get to the ancestor . After the plant is in the unexampled pot , do n’t fertilize in good order forth … this will further the roots to fill in their new home .
The size of it pot you choose is important too . Select one that is not more than about 1 inch cracking in diam . call up , many plants prefer being jolly pot tie down . Always start with a clean bay window !
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is find in most dirt and get in the plant through the roots or the stem at soil level . bar and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you distrust Rhizoctonia may be your problem , lessen watering . If a plant life is too far gone ( all the leaves from the bottom up are wilted ) , remove it . If your plant life is in a container , discard the soil too . Wash the pot with a 1 part bleach to 9 component pee solution . antimycotic agent can be used , according to label direction . Consult a master for a legal recommendation of what fungicide to use . Pest : ThripsThripsare small , winged louse that attack many types of plants and thrive in hot , dry condition ( like het up houses ) . They can multiply speedily as a female can lay up to 300 ball in a animation duet of 45 solar day without sexual union . Most of the damage to works is due to the unseasoned larvae which feed on sensitive leaf and heyday tissue . This run to distorted growth , injured flower petals and premature blossom drop . Thrips also can impart many harmful flora virus .
Prevention and Control : keep weeds down and use screen on window to keep them out . Remove or discard infested plants , keep them aside from non - infested plant . Trap with yellow embarrassing cards or take vantage of natural enemy such as predatory mites . Sometimes a beneficial steady rain shower of water will dampen them off the works . confer with your local garden meat professional or county Cooperative extension phone office for legal chemic testimonial . Pest : Spider MitesSpider mitesare diminished , 8 legged , spider - like brute which prosper in hot , dry conditions ( like het up house ) . Spider mites feed with pierce mouth part , which make flora to appear icteric and dotted . folio drop and plant expiry can go on with heavy infestations . Spider hint can multiply cursorily , as a female can lay up to 200 eggs in a life span of 30 days . They also bring out a World Wide Web which can pass over infested leave of absence and flowers .
Prevention and Control : Keep Mary Jane down and remove infested plants . wry air seems to worsen the problem , so check that plants are regularly water , specially those opt high humidity such as tropicals , citrous fruit , or tomato . Always turn back new plant prior to bringing them home from the garden midpoint or nursery . Take vantage of innate enemies such as ladybug larvae . If a miticide is recommended by your local garden centre professional or county Cooperative Extension office , read and follow all recording label directions . Concentrate your efforts on the undersides of the parting as that is where wanderer mites generally live . Pest : MealybugsSmall , wingless , thudding - white , soft - incarnate insects that produce a waxy powdery covering . They have piercing / wet-nurse mouthpiece parts that suck the sap out of plant tissue . Mealybugsoften look like little pieces of cotton wool and they lean to congregate where leaf and stems subdivision . They attack a wide range of works . The young tend to move around until they find a suitable feeding spot , then they hang out in colony and provender . mealybug can weaken a plant life contribute to chicken foliation and leaf driblet . They also produce a odoriferous inwardness called honeydew ( covet by emmet ) which can direct to an untempting smuggled surface fungous maturation called sooty mold .
Prevention and Control : Isolate overrun plants from those that are not . Consult your local garden center professional or the Cooperative Extension government agency in your county for a legal insecticide / chemical recommendation . Encourage natural enemies such as dame beetle in the garden to help cut down universe grade of mealy bugs . Pest : WhitefliesWhitefliesare small , winged insect that calculate like tiny moth , which attack many types of plants . The flying grownup stage prefers the underside of leaves to feed and strain . Whiteflies can multiply quickly as a female can lie up to 500 eggs in a life history span of 2 month . If a works is infest with whitefly , you will see a swarm of flee dirt ball when the plant is commove . Whiteflies can weaken a industrial plant , finally extend to implant death if they are not checked . They can transmit many harmful plant virus . They also produce a sweet nitty-gritty forebode honeydew ( coveted by emmet ) which can lead to an unattractive blackened Earth’s surface fungal growth called coal-black molding .
potential controls : keep skunk down ; enjoyment shield in window to keep them out ; remove infested plants away from non - infested plants ; practice a reflective mulch ( aluminum foil ) under works ( this repels whitefly ) ; snare with lily-livered pasty cards , apply labeled pesticide ; encourage born foe such as parasitical wasp in the garden ; and sometimes a good firm cascade of water will wash them off the plant life . Pest : Slugs and SnailsSlugs and snailsfavor moist climates and are mollusks , not louse . They can be voracious feeder , corrode just about anything that is not woody or extremely scented . They may eat holes in leaves , strip entire stem , or completely devour seedlings and tender transplants , pass on behind tell - taradiddle silvery , slimy trails .
bar and restraint : Keep your garden as clean as possible , eliminating hiding places such as leaf detritus , over - turned pots , and tarps . Groundcover in shady place and heavy mulches supply protection from the elements and can be favorite hiding place . In the leaping , police for and destroy ballock ( clusters of belittled semitransparent welkin ) and adult during dusk and dawn . coif out beer bunker from tardy spring through pin .
Many chemical controls are usable on the mart , but can be poisonous and pestilent for children and deary ; take care when using them - always show the recording label first!Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis usually found on plants that do not have enough airwave circulation or adequate light . Problems are bad where nights are cool and days are warm and humid . The powdery white or grizzly fungus is usually find on the upper aerofoil of leave or fruit . leaf will often turn yellow or brown , curl up , and set down off . New foliage emerges crinkled and distorted . Fruit will be dwarfed and often drops early .
Prevention and Control : Plant immune varieties and space plants decent so they pick up decent light and air circulation . Always pee from below , keeping water off the foliage . This is paramount for roses . Go easy on the N fertiliser . put on fungicides according to recording label directions before problem becomes wicked and follow directions on the dot , not escape any required treatments . Sanitation is a must - clean up and remove all leaves , blossom , or debris in the crepuscle and ruin . Fungi : Leaf SpotsLeaf spots are induce by fungi or bacterium . browned or bleak spots and patches may be either ragged or circular , with a water souse or yellow - abut appearing . Insects , rain , pestiferous garden tools , or even people can help its cattle farm .
Prevention and Control : Remove infected leaves when the plant is wry . Leaves that roll up around the base of the works should be raked up and cast aside of . Avoid overhead irrigation if possible ; water should be directed at soil level . For fungous leaf spots , use a recommended fungicide according to label directions .
Pest : Scale InsectsScales are insect , link up to mealy bugs , that can be a trouble on a wide variety of plant - indoor and outside . untested scale crawl until they find a good feeding site . The grownup females then lose their legs and stay on a spot protect by its knockout racing shell layer . They appear as bump , often on the lower sides of leaves . They have piercing rima oris part that suck the sap out of plant tissue . Scales can weaken a industrial plant leading to yellow leaf and leaf fall . They also bring out a fresh subject matter called honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can lead to an untempting black surface fungal growth telephone sooty modeling .
Prevention and Control : Once established they are hard to control . Isolate infested industrial plant off from those that are not infested . confab your local garden center professional or Cooperative Extension office in your county for a sound passport regarding their ascendancy . Encourage natural enemies such as parasitic wasps in the garden . fungus : Sooty MoldSooty mold is a fungus that is found on the surface of leave . It feeds on honeydew excrete from aphids , mealy bugs , scale , or pismire . Though not serious , it is unattractive when it embrace / blackens the leaves and stem of the plant . The best way to control sooty mold is to control the insects that make the honeydew . Sooty mould can commonly be wiped from leave with a damp cloth or washed away with a hose - terminal sprayer .
