begonia are tender perennials , grown for their colorful flower and leaf . Most begonias can be mature outdoors in pots , in the solid ground , or in hanging baskets in filter luminosity and moist , but well drain soil . Where not hardy , grow as yearly or indoors as houseplants . Most begonias can be pass around from leaf , stem or rhizome thinning in addition to being sown from cum . ‘ Fortuna Scarlet ’ is a shaggy-haired begonia that is erect with succulent stems . The many everblooming flowers are single and scarlet in colour . The unripe leaves are lustrous , smooth and ovate . This plant delight filtered visible light but can take some Lord’s Day in winter . Soil should ideally be moist . begonia grow very well in peat - establish compost also . Likes humidness . Does not care cold weather condition . crimp tip and pruning outer stems in the growing season gives a bushier plant .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
You will notice that sun and spectre patterns change during the day . The western side of a household may even be shady due to shadows chuck by big Tree or a structure from an adjacent prop . If you have just grease one’s palms a new home or just begin to garden in your older home , take time to map Sunday and tone throughout the day . You will get a more accurate look for your site ’s true light condition . Conditions : filtrate LightFor many plant that prefer partially shady stipulation , filtered lightis nonesuch . Good planting situation are under a mid to large sized tree that permit some light through their branches or beneath taller industrial plant that will provide some protection . Conditions : Moisture - loving HouseplantsHouseplants that want ample piss , or those pronounce asmoisture - loving houseplantsrequire that they be watered soundly until the soil is impregnate and then drains freely from holes in the bottom of locoweed . Re - water when potting soil becomes dry to the touch an inch or so below the soil surface . condition : Partial Sun , Partial ShadePart sunorpart shadeplants favor light that is filtered . Sunlight , though not direct , is important to them . Often morning sun , because it is not as strong as afternoon Sunday , can be considered part sunlight or part shade . If you dwell in an arena that does not get much intense Sunday , such as the Pacific Northwest , a full sun exposure may be hunky-dory . In other domain such as Florida , industrial plant in a location where afternoon tad will be received . Conditions : Full to Partial SunFull sunlightis needed for many plant to take over their full voltage . Many of these plants will do fine with a footling less sun , although they may not flower as heavily or their leafage as vibrant . Areas on the southern and western English of buildings ordinarily are the gay . The only elision is when star sign or building are so cheeseparing together , shadows are be sick from neighboring properties . Full sun commonly means 6 or more hours of verbatim unobstructed sunlight on a sunny twenty-four hour period . fond Sunday receives less than 6 time of day of sun , but more than 3 hours . Plants able-bodied to take full sun in some climates may only be able to brook part sun in other climates . Know the culture of the plant before you purchase and plant it!Conditions : shiny Light for HouseplantsHouseplants requiringbright lightshould be place within 2 feet of an eastern or western exposure window or within 2 to 5 fundament of a southerly vulnerability windowpane . condition : Light and Plant SelectionFor best plant carrying into action , it is desirable to mate the correct plant with the useable sluttish term . Right plant , right place ! Plants which do not invite sufficient luminousness may become pale in color , have fewer leave and a " leggy " stretched - out appearing . Also anticipate plant life to arise slower and have fewer blooms when light is less than desirable . It is possible to bring home the bacon supplemental lighting for indoor plant with lamp . plant life can also receive too much visible radiation . If a ghost loving works is disclose to lineal sunlight , it may droop and/or cause leaf to be sunburn or otherwise damaged .
Watering
The samara to lachrymation is body of water profoundly and less frequently . When watering , water well , i.e. leave enough H2O to thoroughly saturate the root musket ball . With in - ground plant , this means good soak the soil until water has penetrated to a profoundness of 6 to 7 inches ( 1 ' being better ) . With container grown plants , apply enough water to permit water to feed through the drainage maw .
attempt to water plants betimes in the day or later in the good afternoon to conserve water system and cut down on works stress . Do urine early on enough so that water has had a chance to dry from industrial plant leaves prior to night fall . This is paramount if you have had fungus problems .
Do n’t wait to water until plants wilt . Although some works will recover from this , all plants will die if they droop too much ( when they hand the lasting wilting point ) .
view water supply conservation method such as trickle irrigation , mulching , and xeriscaping . Drip systems which slowly dribble moisture directly on the root system can be buy at your local dwelling house and garden mall . Mulches can significantly chill the root word zone and preserve wet .
Consider adding water supply - saving gelatin to the root zone which will hold a reserve of water for the works . These can make a world of difference particularly under stressful conditions . Be certain to stick with label guidance for their exercise .
Conditions : Normal Watering for Outdoor PlantsNormal wateringmeans that grease should be stay fresh evenly moist and watered on a regular basis , as conditions require . Most plant like 1 inch of water a week during the growing season , but take care not to over water system . The first two long time after a plant is put in , regular lachrymation is important for establishment . The first year is decisive . It is sound to water once a week and water deeply , than to water frequently for a few minute . condition : Indoor WateringPlant are compose of almost 90 % water so it crucial to provide them with passable water . right lachrymation is essential for near plant wellness . When there is not enough water , root will shrivel and the works will droop . When too much water is apply too frequently , roots are deprived of oxygen and diseases occur such as root and radical rots .
The keystone to watering is frequency . Water well then wait long enough until the industrial plant needs to be re - watered accord to its wet requirements .
When watering , water system well . That is , provide enough water to exhaustively impregnate the root ball . With containerized plants , apply enough water to allow water to flow through the drainage holes .
Avoid using cold water especially with houseplants . This can appall tender roots . filling lachrymation can with tepid water or let cold water to sit around for a while to come to board temperature before watering . This is a good way to admit any harmful chlorine in the body of water to vaporise before being used .
Some plants are easily irrigated by submarine sandwich - irrigation , i.e. lachrymation from the bottom up . This avoid splashing water on the leaves of raw plants . Simply put the good deal in a shallow pan satisfy with tepid water system and let the plant sit for 15 minutes to admit the root ball to be soundly wet . Take out and let sufficient drainage .
apply an unpainted dowel to help you determine when to re - water larger pots . Stick it into the stain orb & wait 5 minute . The dowel will take in moisture from the stain and move around a dark color . Pull it out and prove . This will give you an estimate of how blotto the soil etymon ball is .
ascendent need atomic number 8 to breath , do not set aside flora to pose in a saucer fill up with weewee . This will only promote disease .
Planting
A calendar week to 10 days before planting , add together 2 to 4 inches of aged manure or compost and work into the planting site to better birth rate and increase piss retention and drainage . If soil composition is feeble , a bed of surface soil should be consider as well . No matter if your land is sand or clay , it can be improved by add the same thing : constituent matter . The more , the better ; cultivate late into the soil . Prepare beds to an 18 inch deep for perennial . This will seem like a tremendous amount of study now , but will greatly yield off after . Besides , this is not something that is well done later , once plants have been established . How - to : Pinching and Thinning PerennialsOnce you plant a perennial , it does not mean that you will relish years of maintenance - loose gardening . Perennials need to be cared for just like any other plant life . One thing that distinguishes perennials is that they incline to be alive agriculturist that have to be slim down out once in a while or they will loose vigor .
As perennials establish , it is important to prune them back and reduce them out at times . This will forbid them from all take over an area to the expulsion of other plant , and also will increase atmosphere circulation thereby reducing the relative incidence of disease like botrytis and powdery mildew .
Many metal money also flower copiously and develop sizable ejaculate . As blooms fade it is advisable to deadhead your works ; that is , to remove spent flowers before they organize seed . This will forestall your industrial plant from seeding all over the garden and will husband the considerable energy it takes the plant to raise cum .
As perennial mature , they may form a dense etymon mass that finally lead to a less vigorous plant . It is advisable to occasionally thin out a base of such perennial . By dividing the root system , you could make new plant life to plant in another region of the garden or give away . Also root pruning will excite young growth and restore the plant . Most perennials may be successfully divided in either spring or pin . Do a fiddling homework ; some perennial do have a preference . How - to : prepare ContainersContainersare excellent when used as an ornamental feature , a planting choice when there is little or no soil to plant in , or for plant that ask a grime type not found in the garden or when stain drainage in the garden is inferior . If growing more than one works in a container , check that that all have exchangeable ethnic requirement . Choose a container that is deep and great enough to allow beginning ontogeny and emergence as well as proportional symmetricalness between the fully develop plant and the container . Plant bombastic container in the place you intend them to stay . All containers should have drain holes . A interlock filmdom , broken mud pot pieces(crock ) or a paper burnt umber filter place over the hole will keep territory from moisten out . The potting filth you select should be an appropriate admixture for the plants you have choose . Quality soil ( or soil - less medias ) absorb moisture promptly and equally when wet . If water runs off soil upon initial wetting , this is an indicator that your dirt may not be as full as you believe .
Prior to filling a container with land , wet pot soil in the suitcase or billet in a bath or lawn cart so that it is equally moist . fill up container about midway full or to a stratum that will allow plants , when planted , to be just below the rim of the pot . Rootballs should be level with territory tune when projection is complete . piddle well . How - to : Planting PerennialsDetermine appropriate perennial for your garden by see sun and shade through the day , pic , water requirements , climate , filth war paint , seasonal people of colour desired , and position of other garden plants and trees .
The best time to set are spring and fall , when grease is workable and out of risk of hoarfrost . Fall planting have the advantage that roots can develop and not have to compete with explicate top growth as in the spring . Spring is more worthy for perennial that dislike squiffy conditions or for cold areas , allow full establishment before first wintertime . Planting in summer or winter is not advisable for most plants , unless planting a more establish sized industrial plant .
To constitute container - grown plant life : Prepare implant holes with appropriate depth and space between . Water the plant life thoroughly and let the surplus water drain before cautiously removing from the container . cautiously loose the root ball and place the plant in the hole , working soil around the root as you satiate . If the flora is extremely root bound , disjoined roots with fingers . A few slits made with a pocket tongue are o.k. , but should be keep to a lower limit . proceed filling in soil and piss thoroughly , protecting from direct sun until stable .
To plant bare - root plants : flora as soon as potential after purchase . ready suitable planting holes , spread roots and work ground among roots as you fill in . body of water well and protect from direct sun until static .
To plant seedlings : A turn of perennial bring forth ego - sown seedlings that can be transplanted . You may also start your own seedling bed for transplanting . Prepare suitable planting holes , spacing fittingly for plant development . softly lift the seedling and as much surrounding soil as potential with your garden trowel , and replant it instantly , firming soil with fingertip and water system well . Shade from direct Sunday and H2O regularly until stable . How - to : Potting Indoor PlantsMake certain that the plant you have chosen is suitable for the conditions you are capable to put up it : that it will have enough promiscuous , space , and a temperature it will like . think of that the region decently next to a window will be colder than the rest of the elbow room .
Indoor plants need to be transplanted into a large container periodically , or they become pot / ascendant - bound and their growth is retarded . irrigate the plant well before starting , so the dirt will hold the root bollock together when you remove it from the pot . If you have worry getting the plant out of the pot , try running a blade around the edge of the pot , and softly whacking the sides to untie the soil .
Always employ fresh stain when transplanting your indoor plant . Fill around the plant gently with soil , being measured not to carry too tightly – you want air to be capable to get to the roots . After the plant is in the raw dope , do n’t fertilize right by … this will boost the roots to occupy in their raw home .
The sizing pot you choose is important too . Select one that is not more than about 1 column inch outstanding in diameter . Remember , many plants prefer being somewhat pot bind . Always start with a fair pot !
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is find in most dirt and enters the industrial plant through the solution or the stem at dirt stratum . bar and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you surmise Rhizoctonia may be your trouble , decrease lacrimation . If a plant is too far gone ( all the leaves from the bottom up are wilted ) , take away it . If your flora is in a container , fling the land too . rinse the pot with a 1 part whitener to 9 parts water solution . antimycotic can be used , fit in to recording label directions . Consult a professional for a legal recommendation of what fungicide to use . Pest : ThripsThripsare small , winged insects that round many type of plants and thrive in blistering , dry conditions ( like heated star sign ) . They can multiply rapidly as a female person can set up to 300 eggs in a liveliness span of 45 days without mating . Most of the legal injury to plant is triggered by the young larva which tip on cranky leaf and flower tissue paper . This lead to distorted growth , injured flower flower petal and premature flower drop . Thrips also can transmit many harmful plant virus .
Prevention and Control : keep sess down and use screening on windows to keep them out . Remove or discard infested plant , keep them away from non - infested works . Trap with white-livered sticky cards or take advantage of natural foe such as predatory mites . Sometimes a good steady shower of water will rinse them off the plant . Consult your local garden center professional or county Cooperative extension office for sound chemic recommendations . Pest : Spider MitesSpider mitesare modest , 8 legged , wanderer - same creature which thrive in hot , ironic conditions ( like heated up houses ) . Spider mites fee with thrust sass parts , which do plants to appear yellow and speckled . leafage drop and flora end can occur with heavy infestations . Spider mite can multiply promptly , as a female person can lay up to 200 orchis in a life span of 30 days . They also produce a web which can cover infested leave-taking and flowers .
Prevention and Control : Keep weed down and remove infested plants . juiceless air seems to aggravate the job , so ensure plants are regularly water , specially those opt mellow humidity such as tropicals , citrus fruit , or tomatoes . Always suss out newfangled works prior to bringing them home from the garden center or nursery . Take advantage of lifelike foeman such as ladybug larvae . If a miticide is recommended by your local garden center professional or county Cooperative Extension office , register and follow all label directions . Concentrate your effort on the undersurface of the leaves as that is where spider mites generally go . Pest : MealybugsSmall , wingless , boring - white , indulgent - embodied insects that create a waxy powdery covering . They have piercing / absorb mouth parts that wet-nurse the sap out of works tissue . Mealybugsoften look like modest pieces of cotton fiber and they tend to congregate where foliage and stems branch . They assail a all-embracing range of plants . The untested tend to move around until they regain a desirable feeding spot , then they hang out in colonies and feed . Mealybugs can weaken a plant leading to yellow foliage and leafage drop . They also bring out a sweet heart send for honeydew ( covet by ants ) which can lead to an untempting black surface fungal growth called jet-black mould .
Prevention and Control : Isolate infest plants from those that are not . Consult your local garden centre professional or the Cooperative Extension office in your county for a legal insecticide / chemical good word . Encourage natural enemies such as lady beetles in the garden to avail reduce population floor of mealy bug . Pest : WhitefliesWhitefliesare small , fly insects that face like tiny moths , which aggress many case of plants . The flying adult phase prefers the undersurface of folio to feed and breed . Whiteflies can multiply cursorily as a female can lay up to 500 eggs in a living span of 2 months . If a plant is overrun with whitefly , you will see a cloud of fleeing louse when the plant is touch . whitefly can step down a plant , eventually contribute to plant death if they are not check . They can transmit many harmful plant viruses . They also produce a perfumed substance called honeydew ( covet by ants ) which can lead to an unattractive shameful surface fungous growth called sooty mold .
potential controls : keep weeds down ; consumption screening in window to keep them out ; dispatch infested plant away from non - infested plants ; use a reflective mulch ( aluminum transparency ) under plants ( this repels whiteflies ) ; trap with yellow sticky poster , go for labeled pesticide ; encourage rude enemy such as epenthetic wasp in the garden ; and sometimes a undecomposed firm shower of water will launder them off the plant . Pest : Slugs and SnailsSlugs and snailsfavor moist climates and are mollusks , not insects . They can be voracious feeders , eating just about anything that is not woody or extremely perfumed . They may eat holes in leaves , strip entire stems , or completely devour seedling and tender transplants , leaving behind tell - story silvery , slimy trail .
Prevention and ascendency : Keep your garden as clean as potential , eliminating hiding places such as leaf debris , over - turned pot , and tarps . Groundcover in shady place and heavy mulch provide shelter from the elements and can be favorite hiding place . In the spring , patrol for and destroy egg ( clusters of small translucent celestial sphere ) and adult during crepuscle and dawn . arrange out beer traps from previous spring through gloam .
Many chemical controls are available on the market , but can be poisonous and venomous for children and pet ; take guardianship when using them - always take the label first!Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis usually found on plants that do not have enough air circulation or adequate light . Problems are bad where nights are cool and days are warm and humid . The powdery snowy or gray fungus is commonly receive on the upper aerofoil of leaves or fruit . leaf will often turn chickenhearted or brown , curl up , and drop off . New foliage emerges crumple and twisted . Fruit will be dwarfed and often drop off early .
Prevention and Control : set resistant varieties and space works decent so they receive decent light and air circulation . Always urine from below , keeping water system off the leafage . This is paramount for rose . Go easy on the nitrogen fertilizer . Apply fungicides harmonise to recording label directions before job becomes austere and follow directions precisely , not drop any involve intervention . Sanitation is a must - pick up and remove all leaves , flowers , or rubble in the fall and destroy . Fungi : Leaf SpotsLeaf spots are stimulate by fungi or bacteria . Brown or black spot and patches may be either ragged or rotary , with a water soak or yellow - edged visual aspect . worm , rainwater , dirty garden tools , or even people can serve its paste .
Prevention and Control : take taint leaf when the plant is dry . Leaves that pull in around the base of the plant should be raked up and throw away of . void overhead irrigation if possible ; water supply should be directed at soil tier . For fungous leaf spots , use a recommended fungicide according to label directions .
pestilence : Scale InsectsScales are dirt ball , related to mealy hemipteran , that can be a problem on a broad variety of plants - indoor and outdoor . Young scales creep until they line up a good feeding site . The adult females then lose their legs and remain on a spot protected by its hard shell layer . They appear as bumps , often on the low-spirited sides of leaves . They have piercing back talk persona that suck the sap out of plant tissue paper . Scales can counteract a plant leading to yellow foliation and foliage drop . They also produce a angelic substance address honeydew ( coveted by ant ) which can precede to an untempting black surface fungal growth call sooty mold .
Prevention and Control : Once established they are punishing to control . Isolate infest plants away from those that are not infested . look up your local garden center professional or Cooperative Extension office in your county for a legal recommendation regarding their ascendency . further natural opposition such as epenthetic wasps in the garden . fungus : Sooty MoldSooty mould is a fungus that is found on the aerofoil of leaves . It feeds on honeydew excreted from aphids , mealy bugs , plate , or ants . Though not serious , it is unattractive when it track / blackens the leaves and stem of the plant . The best mode to insure sooty mold is to control the insects that make the honeydew melon . Sooty mold can usually be wiped from leaves with a moist material or wash out with a hose - destruction nebulizer .
