Begonias are tender perennial , grown for their colourful bloom and leaf . Most begonia can be develop out of doors in pots , in the land , or in hanging basketball hoop in filtered light and moist , but well drain dirt . Where not sturdy , grow as annuals or indoors as houseplants . Most begonia can be broadcast from leafage , stem or rhizome cuttings in increase to being sow in from seed . The cultivar ‘ Fairy ’ , also known as ‘ Fee ’ , grow from a creeping rhizome . The foliage is very attractive , feature large non - helical leaves that are often colorise and pattern . The few pallid pink flowers bloom intermittently . This flora enjoys filtered lightness but can take some sun in winter . Soil should ideally be moist . Begonias develop very well in peat - base compost also . wish humidity . Does not like cold weather . snarf tips and pruning outer staunch in the grow time of year gives a bushier plant , good for hanging baskets . dispatch bushed leaf to prevent disease .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
You will notice that sunshine and shade patterns deepen during the day . The westerly side of a house may even be shady due to vestige cast by big trees or a structure from an contiguous property . If you have just bought a new home or just beginning to garden in your older rest home , take fourth dimension to map Dominicus and shade throughout the day . You will get a more accurate feel for your land site ’s true light stipulation . consideration : filter LightFor many plants that prefer partially fly-by-night status , filtered lightis ideal . well planting site are under a mid to large sized tree diagram that lets some light through their branch or beneath tall plants that will cater some protection . condition : Moisture - loving HouseplantsHouseplants that require copious water , or those labeled asmoisture - loving houseplantsrequire that they be watered thoroughly until the soil is saturate and then run out freely from holes in the bottom of pot . Re - water system when potting soil becomes teetotal to the touch an inch or so below the stain control surface . condition : Partial Sun , Partial ShadePart sunorpart shadeplants opt ignitor that is separate out . Sunlight , though not direct , is significant to them . Often morning sun , because it is not as strong as good afternoon sun , can be regard part sun or part shade . If you live in an country that does not get much acute sun , such as the Pacific Northwest , a full sun photograph may be fine . In other domain such as Florida , plant in a position where afternoon spectre will be receive . Conditions : Bright Light for HouseplantsHouseplants requiringbright lightshould be put within 2 ft of an easterly or western photo window or within 2 to 5 feet of a southern vulnerability windowpane . status : Light and Plant SelectionFor best plant carrying into action , it is suitable to equalise the correct plant with the available light conditions . Right plant , right blank space ! flora which do not encounter sufficient light may become pale in coloring material , have fewer leaves and a " leggy " stretched - out show . Also bear industrial plant to grow slower and have few blossom when light is less than desirable . It is possible to provide auxiliary inflammation for indoor plants with lamps . plant can also receive too much light . If a shade loving plant is exposed to direct sun , it may wilt and/or induce leafage to be sunburned or otherwise damaged .
Watering
The key to lachrymation is water deep and less ofttimes . When lacrimation , water well , i.e. put up enough water to thoroughly impregnate the etymon orb . With in - earth plant , this means thoroughly imbue the stain until water has penetrated to a depth of 6 to 7 inch ( 1 ' being better ) . With container grown plants , apply enough water to allow weewee to flow through the drainage holes .
strain to water plants early in the day or afterwards in the afternoon to conserve water supply and cut down on industrial plant tenseness . Do water early enough so that water supply has had a luck to dry from plant leaves prior to night pin . This is overriding if you have had fungus problems .
Do n’t await to water until plant life droop . Although some plants will find from this , all plants will die if they wilt too much ( when they progress to the lasting wilting item ) .
Consider water conservation methods such as drip irrigation , mulching , and xeriscaping . Drip systems which slowly drip moisture directly on the root system can be buy at your local home and garden nerve centre . Mulches can significantly cool down the etymon zone and conserve moisture .
Consider adding weewee - saving gel to the root zona which will hold a reserve of water for the works . These can make a domain of difference especially under nerve-racking conditions . Be sure to play along label management for their use .
Conditions : Normal Watering for Outdoor PlantsNormal wateringmeans that soil should be kept evenly moist and watered regularly , as circumstance require . Most plants like 1 column inch of water supply a week during the growing season , but take care not to over water . The first two years after a industrial plant is set up , regular lacrimation is important for establishment . The first year is decisive . It is better to body of water once a week and water deeply , than to water frequently for a few moment . Conditions : Indoor WateringPlant are composed of almost 90 % piss so it important to provide them with adequate water . Proper watering is essential for good plant health . When there is not enough piddle , roots will fade and the plant will droop . When too much water is applied too oftentimes , roots are deprived of oxygen and diseases take place such as root and bow rots .
The key to watering is frequency . Water well then expect long enough until the plant needs to be re - water consort to its moisture essential .
When watering , piddle well . That is , cater enough water to thoroughly saturate the root ball . With containerized plant , apply enough water to allow water to fall through the drain holes .
quash using cold water especially with houseplants . This can shock tender roots . Fill watering can with tepid water or allow cold pee to model for a while to come to room temperature before watering . This is a good way to countenance any harmful chlorine in the water to vaporize before being used .
Some works are best irrigate by sub - irrigation , i.e. watering from the bottom up . This avoids splashing H2O on the parting of sensitive plant . plainly place the pot in a shallow goat god filled with tepid water and allow the plant sit for 15 minutes to allow the ascendent nut to be thoroughly soused . Take out and tolerate sufficient drain .
Use an unpainted dowel pin to help you determine when to re - water large flock . bond it into the grunge ball & hold off 5 minutes . The dowel will soak up moisture from the soil and turn a darker color . Pull it out and examine . This will give you an idea of how lactating the soil rootage ball is .
Roots require O to breath , do not allow plants to sit in a saucer fill with water system . This will only promote disease .
Planting
A hebdomad to 10 days before planting , add 2 to 4 inches of aged manure or compost and work into the planting site to improve fertility and increase water supply retention and drainage . If soil typography is imperfect , a layer of topsoil should be see as well . No matter if your soil is sand or clay , it can be meliorate by adding the same matter : organic matter . The more , the good ; function deeply into the grease . Prepare beds to an 18 inch deep for perennial . This will seem like a wonderful amount of work now , but will greatly pay off later . Besides , this is not something that is easy done later , once plants have been established . How - to : Pinching and Thinning PerennialsOnce you plant a perennial , it does not mean that you will enjoy age of sustainment - free gardening . perennial need to be care for just like any other plant . One affair that signalise perennials is that they tend to be active agriculturist that have to be thinned out occasionally or they will loose vigor .
As perennials found , it is important to prune them back and thin them out occasionally . This will prevent them from whole taking over an area to the ejection of other plants , and also will increase air travel circulation thereby reduce the incidence of diseases like botrytis and powdery mould .
Many species also flower abundantly and make sizeable seed . As blooms fade it is advisable to deadhead your plant ; that is , to take out spend flowers before they form seed . This will prevent your flora from seeding all over the garden and will economise the considerable free energy it takes the plant to produce ejaculate .
As perennials senesce , they may take form a dense base mass that finally leads to a less vigorous plant . It is advisable to occasionally thin out a bandstand of such perennial . By separate the root arrangement , you may make new flora to plant in another field of the garden or give away . Also settle down pruning will stimulate new growth and rejuvenate the plant . Most perennial may be successfully divided in either spring or fall . Do a little prep ; some perennial do have a preference . How - to : prepare ContainersContainersare excellent when used as an ornamental feature , a planting alternative when there is little or no dirt to plant in , or for plants that postulate a soil case not found in the garden or when soil drainage in the garden is deficient . If growing more than one plant in a container , check that that all have like cultural requirements . select a container that is cryptical and orotund enough to allow root development and growth as well as relative balance between the in full develop plant and the container . embed large containers in the piazza you intend them to stay . All containers should have drain holes . A meshing screen door , broken Lucius Clay potbelly pieces(crock ) or a newspaper deep brown filter placed over the hole will keep soil from lave out . The potting soil you select should be an appropriate mixture for the plants you have chosen . Quality soils ( or soil - less medias ) take over moisture readily and equally when wet . If water runs off territory upon initial passing water , this is an indicant that your soil may not be as near as you think .
Prior to filling a container with territory , wet potting soil in the grip or place in a bathing tub or wheelbarrow so that it is equally moist . Fill container about halfway full or to a spirit level that will countenance plants , when institute , to be just below the rim of the crapper . Rootballs should be unwavering with soil telephone line when project is complete . Water well . How - to : Planting PerennialsDetermine appropriate perennials for your garden by reckon sunlight and tone through the twenty-four hour period , exposure , piddle requirements , climate , filth makeup , seasonal color desired , and position of other garden plant and tree .
The good time to plant are spring and fall , when land is feasible and out of danger of frost . Fall plantings have the reward that roots can develop and not have to vie with develop top ontogeny as in the spring . Spring is more desirable for perennial that dislike sloshed conditions or for colder area , allowing full establishment before first winter . Planting in summer or winter is not advisable for most plants , unless plant a more established sized plant .
To plant container - grown plants : Prepare planting holes with appropriate depth and space between . irrigate the plant soundly and let the excess H2O drain before cautiously take out from the container . Carefully loosen the root ball and place the plant life in the hole , working dirt around the roots as you replete . If the flora is extremely tooth root bound , separate root with fingers . A few slits made with a pouch tongue are ok , but should be keep to a lower limit . proceed fill in soil and water soundly , protecting from direct sunlight until stable .
To embed bare - root plants : Plant as shortly as possible after leverage . Prepare suitable planting holes , spread roots and work soil among roots as you fill up in . weewee well and protect from direct sun until stable .
To plant seedling : A issue of perennials produce ego - sown seedlings that can be transplanted . You may also start your own seedling layer for transplantation . Prepare suitable planting hole , spacing befittingly for flora development . Gently lift the seedling and as much surrounding stain as potential with your garden trowel , and replant it right away , firming soil with fingertips and water well . Shade from direct sun and H2O on a regular basis until stable . How - to : Potting Indoor PlantsMake certain that the plant you have opt is suitable for the circumstance you are able to provide it : that it will have enough light , space , and a temperature it will like . Remember that the region powerful next to a windowpane will be cold than the rest of the room .
Indoor plant need to be transplant into a big container sporadically , or they become peck / root - bind and their growth is slow up . irrigate the works well before lead off , so the grease will hold the theme glob together when you remove it from the potty . If you have bother vex the plant out of the pot , stress running a blade around the edge of the pot , and softly whacking the sides to loosen the soil .
Always use fresh soil when transplanting your indoor flora . Fill around the plant gently with grease , being careful not to pack too tightly – you want air to be able-bodied to get to the roots . After the plant life is in the new pot , do n’t fertilise right away … this will encourage the theme to fill in their new home .
The size pot you choose is important too . Select one that is not more than about 1 inch greater in diameter . Remember , many plants prefer being more or less pot bind . Always begin with a clean sess !
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is find oneself in most grime and enters the plant through the roots or the stem at soil level . Prevention and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you mistrust Rhizoctonia may be your problem , diminish watering . If a plant life is too far run ( all the leave from the bottom up are wilted ) , transfer it . If your plant is in a container , discard the grunge too . Wash the potty with a 1 part whitener to 9 character water answer . fungicide can be used , fit in to recording label directions . Consult a pro for a legal recommendation of what antimycotic to use . Pest : ThripsThripsare small , winged insects that attack many types of plant and flourish in raging , dry conditions ( like het houses ) . They can multiply quickly as a female person can lie up to 300 eggs in a life yoke of 45 24-hour interval without conjugation . Most of the hurt to plants is due to the young larva which run on tippy foliage and bloom tissue . This leads to distorted growth , injured flush flower petal and premature efflorescence drop . Thrips also can convey many harmful plant viruses .
Prevention and Control : keep weeds down and habituate screening on windows to keep them out . murder or discard invade flora , keep them away from non - infested plant . Trap with white-livered sticky card or take advantage of natural enemies such as predatory mites . Sometimes a good unfaltering shower of H2O will wash them off the plant life . Consult your local garden center professional or county Cooperative extension authority for effectual chemical recommendations . Pest : Spider MitesSpider mitesare small , 8 legged , spider - like creatures which thrive in hot , juiceless condition ( like heated up houses ) . Spider mites feed with pierce mouth parts , which cause plants to appear yellowish and stippled . Leaf drop and plant dying can occur with big infestations . wanderer mite can multiply quickly , as a female can set up to 200 egg in a life couplet of 30 days . They also produce a WWW which can cover infested farewell and heyday .
Prevention and Control : Keep weeds down and remove infested plants . Dry air seems to worsen the problem , so make certain plant life are regularly water , especially those preferring high humidity such as tropicals , citrous fruit , or tomato . Always check new plant life prior to bringing them home from the garden center or nursery . Take advantage of natural enemies such as ladybug larvae . If a miticide is urge by your local garden nerve centre professional or county Cooperative Extension federal agency , interpret and watch over all recording label directions . Concentrate your attempt on the undersides of the leaves as that is where spider mites generally live . Pest : MealybugsSmall , wingless , sluggish - bloodless , soft - bodied insect that produce a waxy powdery covering . They have piercing / suck mouth component that fellate the sap out of plant tissue . Mealybugsoften look like modest pieces of cotton plant and they tend to congregate where foliage and staunch offshoot . They assail a wide-eyed range of plant . The young tend to move around until they observe a desirable alimentation spot , then they hang out in settlement and feed . mealybug can weaken a plant leading to yellowed leafage and leaf drop . They also produce a sweet substance called honeydew ( covet by emmet ) which can lead to an unattractive sinister surface fungous emergence called sooty mold .
Prevention and Control : Isolate infested plants from those that are not . Consult your local garden essence professional or the Cooperative Extension bureau in your county for a sound insecticide / chemical recommendation . Encourage instinctive enemies such as lady beetles in the garden to help trim back population levels of mealy bugs . Pest : WhitefliesWhitefliesare small , winged louse that look like tiny moths , which attack many type of plants . The fly adult stage prefers the underside of leaves to feed and breed . Whiteflies can breed quickly as a female can lay up to 500 eggs in a life-time span of 2 months . If a plant is overrun with whiteflies , you will see a cloud of fleeing insect when the plant is agitate . whitefly can weaken a plant life , finally head to plant death if they are not checked . They can transmit many harmful plant viruses . They also make a sweet essence yell honeydew ( coveted by pismire ) which can head to an untempting black surface fungal outgrowth call coal-black mold .
Possible controls : keep weeds down ; utilisation screening in windows to keep them out ; murder invade industrial plant by from non - infested plants ; use a contemplative mulch ( aluminum foil ) under plant life ( this repels whitefly ) ; trap with yellow sticky cards , apply label pesticides ; encourage natural enemies such as parasitic wasps in the garden ; and sometimes a upright steady shower of water will rinse them off the plant life . Pest : sluggard and SnailsSlugs and snailsfavor moist climates and are mollusc , not insects . They can be voracious feeder , eating just about anything that is not woody or extremely perfumed . They may rust pickle in leaves , strip entire stems , or completely devour seedlings and tender transplantation , leave behind tell - story silvery , unworthy trails .
Prevention and control : Keep your garden as clean as potential , eliminating concealing station such as leaf debris , over - turned pots , and tarps . Groundcover in shadowed topographic point and heavy mulches put up protection from the component and can be favorite concealing topographic point . In the spring , patrol for and ruin eggs ( clusters of low translucent spheres ) and adult during dusk and dawn . Set out beer traps from late natural spring through dusk .
Many chemical control are usable on the market place , but can be venomous and deadly for children and pets ; take care when using them - always read the label first!Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis unremarkably found on plants that do not have enough air circulation or enough light . Problems are worse where nighttime are cool and day are quick and humid . The powdery white or gray fungus is normally determine on the upper surface of leaves or yield . Leaves will often work xanthous or brownish , curl up , and drop off . young foliage emerges rumple and twisted . Fruit will be dwarfed and often drops early .
Prevention and Control : implant resistant variety and outer space plants properly so they get adequate visible light and air circulation . Always water system from below , keeping pee off the foliation . This is paramount for roses . Go slowly on the atomic number 7 fertilizer . hold fungicides according to recording label directions before trouble becomes severe and follow directions exactly , not lose any required treatments . Sanitation is a must - clean up and take away all leaves , peak , or dust in the dip and destroy . Fungi : Leaf SpotsLeaf spots are cause by fungus kingdom or bacteria . browned or blackened smear and patches may be either ragged or circular , with a water soaked or yellow - edged visual aspect . Insects , rainfall , dirty garden tools , or even people can help its spread .
Prevention and Control : take out infect leaves when the works is dry . Leaves that hoard around the base of the flora should be glance over up and disposed of . head off overhead irrigation if possible ; piss should be direct at ground level . For fungous folio blot , utilise a recommend fungicide according to label directions .
cuss : Scale InsectsScales are louse , related to mealy bugs , that can be a problem on a wide variety of industrial plant - indoor and outdoor . Young scales front crawl until they find a in effect alimentation site . The grownup females then lose their legs and remain on a spot protect by its hard shell layer . They look as bumps , often on the lower sides of leaves . They have pierce sassing parts that suck the sap out of plant tissue paper . shell can weaken a industrial plant leading to yellowed foliation and leaf pearl . They also get a sweet substance called honeydew ( coveted by ant ) which can lead to an unattractive black surface fungal ontogeny called sooty mould .
Prevention and Control : Once established they are surd to control . Isolate infested plants away from those that are not infest . Consult your local garden meat professional or Cooperative Extension office in your county for a legal recommendation regarding their control . Encourage instinctive enemies such as parasitic wasps in the garden . Fungi : Sooty MoldSooty mold is a fungus that is found on the open of leaves . It feed in on honeydew melon excreted from aphids , mealy glitch , scurf , or ants . Though not serious , it is untempting when it covers / blackens the leave and stems of the flora . The best direction to control sooty mold is to see to it the worm that make the honeydew . Sooty molding can unremarkably be pass over from leave with a damp textile or washed away with a hose - final stage sprayer .
